Contributor Roles

Contributor Roles Taxonomy.

1 Contributor Roles

1. Conceptualization
   • Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
2. Data curation
   • Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later re-use.
3. Formal analysis
   • Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data.
4. Funding acquisition
   • Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication.
5. Investigation
   • Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
6. Methodology
   • Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
7. Project administration
   • Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
8. Resources
   • Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
9. Software
   • Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.
10. Supervision
    • Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team.
11. Validation
    • Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs.
12. Visualization
    • Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.
13. Writing—original draft
    • Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation).
14. Writing—review & editing
    • Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision—including pre- or post-publication stages.